Physics education research, electronic materials, and the musings of Christopher Moore, Ph.D.

The Earth as a Particle Accelerator

Gran Sasso (Big Stone) is a mountain of 2914 m It is located in Abruzzo, Italy. This town is 563 m slm

Geneva, headquarters of the accelerator at CERN, is 375 m nmm

The CERN accelerator is 100 meters deep. The Gran Sasso Laboratory is 1400 m deep.

Most likely, the Italian laboratory is closer to the center of the Earth that the Swiss lab.

If this is a fact, when the group arrives at the Swiss laboratory neutrinos, its kinetic energy must be higher.



The turtle represents the earth surface movement. The rabbit represents neutrinos. The ramp is the difference in altitude between Switzerland and Italy.

The Earth's rotation could delay the arrival of the rabbit, but that speed is also added to the speed of the rabbit.

The rabbit should increase your speed as it descends. Down every single help.

From the viewpoint of the observer Martian, he feels that both are the same speed ...

Gain Speed ​​of Neutrinos

If the neutrinos that come from Switzerland and Italy in a lower observation post, a loss of potential energy and kinetic energy gain.

299,792,458 m = 1 sec
M = 0.002 732 000 441 689 Mon

travel time of the neutrinos
= 0.002 441 629 Mon

Apparent speed of neutrinos
= 732,000 / 0.002 = 441 629 846.741 299 799 663 ... m / s

difference in speed
= [846.741 299 799 663 ... m / s] - [299,792,458 m / s]
7 = 663 388.741 m / s

v ^ 2 / r = g

g = 9.8 m / s ^ 2

(7 663 388.741 m / s) ^ 2 / 6 300 000 m = 8.6 m / s ^ 2

Very close results, isn't?

The simplest explanation

We know that the  geographics team who supported the experiment Swiss-Italian must have been extremely careful. The same must have happened with the timing Swiss watchmakers to be as reliable as possible.

In a rational plan, or at least within the established physical, a neutrino NEVER would exceed the speed of light.

The formula for speed is very simple:

v = s / t

where:

v = velocity of a body in meters per second

s = (space) = distance traveled in meters

t = travel time in seconds.

Well, the neutrinos arrived before the expected time. These particles from Switzerland at a speed less than "C", ie, the speed of light in vacuum.

In Rationality plan one or two of these quantities were poorly evaluated:

1) Timing

The time measurement is made using atomic clocks, the accuracy allows the measurement of a period of time than the passage of a ray of light from a shorter distance than the width of a human hair.

Synchronization of atomic clocks.
How to ensure that both the atomic clock installed in Switzerland as in Italy were in perfect sync? This process is done through GPS satellite signals to low orbit. Despite all the care of the scientists, there is a remote possibility of some systematic error in this measurement to be occurring.

2) The distance traveled.

For accurate measurement of the distance of the neutrino voyage, teams geographers worked to get the final result as reliable as possible. Once again, went into action to assist the GPS satellites work.

In our darkest ignorance, to seek information in the report CERN, nothing was found at about the clearing of the route according to the Italian laboratory to be installed on earth depth.



We did a small sketch to explain what can happen if this variable was not considered in the calculations. All figures were exaggerated for clarity of the figure.

The red trace represents the route between Switzerland and Italy, considering the depth of the laboratories is the same.

The green trace represents the path given that the Italian laboratory is a much greater depth than the Swiss lab.

It is clear that the red route is major than green. If this detail went unnoticed, the travel time of the neutrinos will be shorter than expected and will lead scientists to think that this particle hit the speed of light.

Another interesting point is the possibility of systematic error in the Italian laboratory building construction.

The earth turns. If the Earth were standing still, any plumb point to the center of the Earth. But the earth rotates there is an induced error in this measurement.



To understand the problem, let's look at the figure of an acrobat inside a railroad car. If the train is stopped, the inverted bob is perpendicular to the floor of the wagon.

If the train starts moving, the need to compensate for the tilt equilibrium the inverted pendulum so that it does not drop. But even still, the car travels 1600 km / h, due to the superficial velocity of the Earth. The third detail of the drawing shows the effect of compensation before the tightrope walker. The plumb bob that was used to build the Italian laboratory may have suffered the earth rotation effect and made the path of neutrinos lower than estimated.

The absurd explanations.

The absurd explanations (If that is the theory of relativity is rational   ...) will have to consider that, in fact, neutrinos traveled up the speed of light. We have some suspicions about it.

Last edited by jaquecusto (2011-10-12 18:18:26)