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To the mixture of gases we have two laws:
1.Dalton’s law
The statement that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual component gases. The partial pressure is the pressure that each gas would exert if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture at the same temperature.
Mathematically, the pressure of a mixture of gases can be defined as the summation
     Ptotal=p1+p2+…+pn
2.Amagat's law of additive volumes
The volume of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the volumes of all constituents at the same temperature and pressure as the mixture.
     Vtotal=v1v2+…+vn
These two laws have a single statement:
PVtotal=p1v1+p2v2+…+pnvn
Ptotal=p1=p2=…=pn =>  Vtotal=v1+v2+…+vn
Vtotal=v1=v2=…=vn => Ptotal=p1+p2+…+pn
Dalton's law and Amagat's law refers to mixtures formed.
General law applies to the mixture before the formation, when the state sizes (P, V, T) are totally different

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Last edited by george (2009-06-28 16:42:12)